Learn. Prevent. Empower.
Hypoglycaemia
Learning Outcomes:
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To understand what low blood sugar is and their common causes
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To learn how to respond and treat casualties with low blood sugar
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To know when to call for help and how to monitor the casualty safely
Lesson Content:
What is Hypoglycaemia?
Hypoglycaemia happens when a person’s blood sugar level drops too low, usually below 4.0 mmol/L. It often affects people with diabetes, especially those on insulin or oral diabetic medication.
Causes
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Skipping or delaying meals
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Taking too much insulin or diabetes medicine
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Overexercising without eating enough
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Drinking alcohol on an empty stomach
Signs & Symptoms
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Shaking or trembling
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Hunger
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Dizziness or light-headedness
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Irritability or mood changes
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Weakness or fatigue
What To Do (If the Person is Conscious)
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Give fast-acting sugar:
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3–4 glucose tablets OR
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150–200 ml of fruit juice/soft drink (non-diet) OR
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1 tablespoon of honey/sugar/jam OR
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5–6 sweets (e.g. jellybeans)
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Wait 10–15 minutes, then recheck symptoms.
If symptoms persist, repeat the above.
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Once recovered, give a longer-acting carbohydrate: a sandwich, biscuits, or a meal to prevent another drop.
What To Do (If the Person is Unconscious or Confused)
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⚠️ Do not give food or drink by mouth.
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Call emergency number immediately.
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Monitor vitals constantly and prepare for any deterioration.
