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Exposure Conditions

Lesson 1: 
Sprains and Strains

Understand the difference between sprains (ligament injuries) and strains (muscle/tendon injuries). Learn to apply the R.I.C.E. method—Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation—to reduce pain and swelling, and when to seek medical advice.

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Lesson 2:

Fractures

Understand how to recognise signs of a broken bone, such as deformity, swelling, and pain. Learn how to immobilise the affected area using splints or padding, and how to prevent movement while awaiting medical attention.

Lesson 3:
Open Wounds

Understand the risks of infection and blood loss from open wounds. Learn how to control bleeding, clean and dress wounds, and monitor for signs of infection or shock. 

Lesson 4:

Poisoning

Understand how poisons can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Learn to identify signs of poisoning, avoid inducing vomiting, and gather information (e.g. container or substance) for emergency responders.

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Lesson 5:

Heat Injury

Understand how excessive heat affects the body, from heat cramps to heatstroke. Learn to treat heat injuries by cooling the casualty gradually, provide fluids if conscious, and call for emergency help when needed.

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